1616
Bank money on the Dam
In 1616 the Wisselbank is already open. Mixed coin goes in. A bank guilder is credited on the books. The receipt split is 1683.
Amsterdam opened the public deposit bank in 1609. Large settlement moved by giro, a debit and a credit, while the vault stayed shut. The advertised model was a claim on metal, not a loan book.
Receipts that let the balance and the metal claim be sold apart are 1683. London’s seizure of mint deposits is 1640. The Bank of England is 1694. This page is the city ledger, not those later machines.